Lowin, John
Lowin was the son of a carpenter. He worked as a goldsmith's apprentice for eight years and then joined the Earl of Worcester's Men as an actor in 1602. By 1603 he was a member of the King's Men. He is known to have specialized in the roles of comic soldiers as well as downright villains.
Argentina, Porte�os and gauchos
The people of the port of Buenos Aires, the porte�os, often call their cultured and glamorous city the Paris of South America. But there is another Argentina away from the capital: that of the Pampas and the interior. The interior gave to all Argentines their symbol of national identity, the gaucho, who occupies a position in South American lore similar to that of the
Huygens, Christiaan
Huygens was from a wealthy and distinguished middle-class family. His father, Constantijn Huygens,
Roman Catholicism, The nature of the church
In 1965 M.-J. le Guillou, a Roman Catholic theologian, defined the church in these terms: �The Church is recognized as a society of fellowship with God, the sacrament of salvation, the people of God established as the body of Christ and the temple of the Holy Spirit.� The progress of Roman Catholic theology can be seen in the contrast between this statement and the definition still
Hindustani Language
Lingua franca of modern India before partition (1947). Based on Khari Boli, a dialect originating in the area around Delhi, Meerut, and Saharanpur, it was spread throughout India by the Mughals and merchants. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the language was strongly promoted by an Englishman, John Borthwick Gilchrist (1759 - 1841), who wrote a Hindustani dictionary and a number of
Lancaster, House Of
The family name first appeared in 1267, when the title earl of Lancaster was granted to Edmund �Crouchback� (1245 - 96), the youngest son of Henry III. Two of Edmund's sons by his second
Chauk
Town and port, north-central Myanmar (Burma). Situated in the Irrawaddy River basin, it is a petroleum port for the Singu-Chauk oil fields. Traditionally, people of the Mon group gathered asphalt in the area to weatherproof houses. In 1902 the British discovered the Chauk-Lonywa oil field. Later, crude oil from Chauk was sent by a 350-mile (563-kilometre) pipeline to Syriam for refining.
Music, African
It is widely acknowledged that African music has undergone frequent and decisive changes throughout the centuries. What is termed traditional music today is probably very different from African music in former times. Nor has African music in the past been rigidly linked to specific ethnic groups. The individual musician, his style and creativity, have always
Alcaic
{breve}-|- {breve}|- {breve}
Stimulant
The major stimulant
Romanus
Romanus was a cardinal when elected pope in August amidst the chaotic aftermath of Pope Stephen VI's murder. For exhuming and desecrating Pope Formosus' corpse and annulling his pontificate in the �Cadaver Synod,� Stephen had been imprisoned and probably strangled by Formosus' supporters,
Mcphee, John
After graduating from Princeton University (A.B., 1953), McPhee studied for a year at
Blackfish
Name given to various dark-coloured fishes, including the tautog (see wrasse), bowfin, Alaska blackfish (qq.v.), and black sea bass (see sea bass). Also known as blackfish are the pilot whale (q.v.), a mammal; Orthodon microlepidotus, a California minnow; the black ruff (Centrolophus niger), a European deep-sea rudderfish; and several Australian food fishes.
Lamian War
Also called �Greek War (323 - 322 BC)� conflict in which Athenian independence was lost despite efforts by Athens and its Aetolian allies to free themselves from Macedonian domination after the death of Alexander the Great. Athenian democratic leaders, in conjunction with the Aetolian League, fielded an army of 30,000 men in October 323. They seized Thermopylae and kept a Macedonian army under Antipater blockaded
Mu'tadid, Al-
The son of al-Muwaffaq, al-Mu'tadid was coregent, with al-Mu'tamid, in his father's last years. He became caliph on al-Mu'tamid's death in 892, having forced him to disinherit his own son. As caliph, al-Mu'tadid reorganized the
Coleridge, Sara
During her childhood, her father was seldom at home, and his brother-in-law Robert Southey chiefly influenced Sara's early years. She did not see her father from 1812 to 1822, when she visited him at Highgate
Dow, Herbert H.
Dow first became interested in brines (concentrated solutions of salts and water) while attending Case School of Applied Science (now Case Western Reserve University) in Cleveland (B.S.; 1888). His analysis of brines from several sites revealed
Carlsbad Caverns National Park
Area of the Chihuahuan Desert in southeastern New Mexico, U.S., near the base of the Guadalupe Mountains (a segment of the Sacramento Mountains). It was established in 1923 as a national monument, designated a national park in 1930, and proclaimed a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1995. Beneath the park, which has a surface area of 73 square miles (189 square km), are 83 individual caves, including Carlsbad
Nahua Language
Also called �Aztec� an American Indian language of the Uto-Aztecan family, spoken in central and western Mexico. Nahua, the most important of the Uto-Aztecan languages, was the language of the Aztec and Toltec civilizations of Mexico. A large body of literature in Nahua, produced by the Aztecs, survives from the 16th century, recorded in an orthography that was introduced by Spanish priests
Aschelminth, Size range and diversity of structure
The five classes of aschelminths are of different sizes and varying importance. The nematodes are by far the largest group, with 13,000 to 14,000 named species and many times that number undescribed. Most of the described species are parasites of human beings, domestic animals, or cultivated plants and are therefore of great importance in medicine and agriculture. Typically,
Macdonald, (james) Ramsay
In 1885 he
Harborough
District, administrative county of Leicestershire, England. The district lies mostly within the historic county of Leicestershire, but it includes an area in Market Harborough that lies to the south of the River Welland in the historic county of Northamptonshire. The district encompasses the southern part of Leicestershire and is in general a rural area known
China, The role of the government
China is a socialist country, and the government plays a predominant role in the economy. In the industrial sector, for example, the state owns outright firms that produce more than 60 percent of the gross value of industrial output, and all but a small portion of the remainder is owned collectively. In the urban sector the government has set the prices for key commodities,
Biblical Literature, Sources of the Septuagint
A Greek translation of the Old Testament, known as the Septuagint because there allegedly were 70 or 72 translators, six from each of the 12 tribes of Israel, and designated LXX, is a composite of the work of many translators labouring for well over 100 years. It was made directly from Hebrew originals that frequently differed considerably from the present Masoretic text. Apart
Water
A substance composed of the chemical elements hydrogen and oxygen and existing in gaseous, liquid, and solid states. Water is one of the most plentiful and essential of compounds. It is vital to life, participating in virtually every process that occurs in plants and animals. Although the molecules of water are simple in structure (H2O), the physical and chemical properties
Extortion
Extortion may include threats of harm to a person or his property,
V�chodn� Slovensko
Czech �V�chodoslovensk� kraj (region), eastern Slovakia. It is bordered by Stredn� Slovensko kraj to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, and Hungary to the south. The Vysok� Tatry (High Tatras) and N�zke Beskydy Mountains extend across the northern part of V�chodn� Slovensko kraj, and the N�zke Tatry (Low Tatras) give way to the Slovensk� Rudo (�Slovak Ore�) Mountains in the west. A major
Irish Sweepstakes
In full �Irish Hospitals' Sweepstakes� one of the largest lotteries promoted internationally; it was authorized by the Irish government in 1930 to benefit Irish hospitals. A private trust was formed to run the lottery and market tickets throughout the world. During the 57 years of its existence, the contest derived more revenue from the United States than from any other country, although all the tickets were
Fairfield
Fairfield is now a trade
Yadava Dynasty
Rulers of a 12th - 14th-century Hindu kingdom of central India in what is the modern Indian state of Maharashtra. Originally a feudatory of the Eastern Calukyas of Kalyani, the dynasty became paramount in the Deccan under Bhillama (c. 1187 - 91), who founded Devagiri (later Daulatabad) as his capital. Under Bhillama's grandson Singhana (c. 1210 - 47) the dynasty reached its height at the expense of the
Daily Express
Since its founding in 1900, the Express aggressively appealed to a mass readership; it is a perennial competitor with other popular dailies for circulation leadership, which it not infrequently claims. Its determination
